Giulio has 25 years’ experience as a professional economist in the field of competition policy and energy, including 12 years as a senior economist at the European Commission, and over ten years as an economic consultant in the private sector. During his time at the European Commission, he was Head of Unit in the Chief Economist Team of DG Competition, where he led the economic analysis on numerous merger investigations and on several antitrust matters in the energy, pharmaceutical and digital sectors. Between 2020 and 2023, he was Deputy Director and Head of Unit in the taskforce managing the Recovery and Resilience Facility (Next Generation EU). He has been an external faculty member of the Barcelona Graduate School of Economics since 2007 and was the President of the Association of Competition Economics in 2014 and 2015. He was a Research Fellow at IESE Business School between 2007 and 2011. He holds a DPhil in Economics from the University of Oxford (Nuffield College). He has published several academic and policy papers in the field of competition policy and energy. Currently, Giulio Federico is a Partner at Oxera in Brussels, where he specialises in competition law and economics.

Francesca has over 20 years’ experience as a professional economist in the field of competition policy and regulation, including 16 years at the UK Competition and Markets Authority (CMA), and five years as an economics consultant in the private sector. During her time at the CMA, she was Director of Economics and led the economic analysis on numerous merger investigations, market studies and investigations and antitrust matters in the pharmaceutical and digital sectors. Francesca holds a PhD in Public Economics from the University of Pavia and an MA in Economics from the European University Institute, and has published policy papers in the field of competition policy and energy. She presented the CMA work at international conferences/workshops, including at the Association of Competition Economics conferences and at the Barcelona Graduate School of Economics, and taught the module on mergers at the course ‘Competition Policy for Economists’ organised by the Centre for Competition Policy (CCP). Currently, Francesca Sala is a Partner at Oxera in Brussels.